Jan Dibbets, Reconstruction Sea 0°-135° (1972-73) Photo : Marc de Verneuil, 02/05/2010 |
Paris: Jan Dibbets
Musée d’art moderne de la Ville. 19 février - 2 mai 2010 [1]
Cette exposition parcourt plus de quarante ans de production à l’aune de la ligne d’horizon, l’un des thèmes dominants de l’œuvre de Jan Dibbets de 1971 à 1974 et également à partir en 2005. Le pari audacieux de l’exercice — mettre au jour le modus operandi de l’artiste et la dimension inépuisable de son travail à partir d’une entrée infra mince — est éminemment réussi.
À la fin des années 1960, dans un contexte artistique international caractérisé par la dématérialisation de l’art, le refus des médiums traditionnels et des éléments visuels au profit du langage et du concept, Jan Dibbets, quant à lui, réaffirme le primat de l’élément rétinien comme point de départ de ses œuvres et entreprend un travail photographique en tension entre figuration et abstraction. Pour Erik Verhagen, auteur d’un essai passionnant sur le corpus photographique de Jan Dibbets et commissaire de ce projet atypique d’exposition, l’artiste « s’évertue à détourner la photographie de sa fonction documentaire pour l’intégrer dans une perspective plus picturale » qui, en filiation avec une certaine tradition picturale hollandaise (Piet Mondrian et P. Saenredam), ira jusqu’à l’abstraction. Il ne faut donc pas voir l’exposition Horizons comme une série de clichés représentant la ligne d’horizon, mais comme des travaux réalisés à partir d’elle et visant d’autres buts. Ce qui, en effet, intéresse Dibbets dans ce motif, c’est sa dimension plastique propice à organiser l’espace de l’image, à le géométriser. C’est à partir de cette « soudure incertaine » entre le ciel et la terre, selon les mots de Claudel, que Mondrian introduira progressivement l’abstraction dans sa peinture, « cette liquidation de la réalité ». Si cette ligne fascine autant Dibbets, c’est aussi parce qu’elle est un motif insaisissable, une ligne en trois dimensions qui n’existe que par et grâce à la vision. Pour un passionné de perspective, d’optique, l’un des rares artistes à déconstruire les codes de représentation de l’image photographique (voir les travaux Perspective Correction), ce motif devait devenir le sien.
Ainsi, Horizons se présente comme une vaste déclinaison à partir de cette ligne, et ce d’autant plus que les œuvres de Dibbets utilisent pratiquement toujours les mêmes images : un horizon pris entre mer et ciel et un autre entre terre et ciel. Ces images composent précisément l’œuvre Sectio Aurea (1972), clef de voûte de l’exposition en raison des éléments graphiques inscrits près des photos qui fonctionnent comme le mode d’emploi de l’œuvre, renseignant sur les axes de la prise de vue et sur sa composition. Ces croquis et ces calculs ressemblent autant à des garde-fous contre l’illusion qu’à des parapets contre le contenu iconique de l’image. Cette prise en main du visuel par l’élément constructif prévaut ensuite dans les recherches de Dibbets et aboutit en particulier aux Panorama Dutch Mountains (1971-1972) – dispositifs panoramiques dessinant un horizon sinueux et vallonné – et aux Comets (1973), agencements de photos découpées et encadrées dont le format et le motif évoluent en fonction d’une formule mathématique. Les immenses arabesques des Comets dialoguent parfaitement avec les innombrables variations et retournements des lignes d’horizon dont l’effet est amplifié par les différences de niveaux au sein de l’espace du musée, ce qui provoque un étrange effet d’immersion. Ces deux derniers ensembles, qui révèlent autant le talent de « compositeur » de l’artiste (la dimension musicale est omniprésente dans l’exposition) que son intérêt pour la dimension plastique des œuvres, montrent que, pour Dibbets, l’abstraction n’est pas le refus de la réalité mais sa transformation et sa recréation, ce que suggérait déjà le titre malicieux des Panorama Dutch Mountains.
En décidant, lors du retour au motif de l’horizon en 2005, d’utiliser les mêmes clichés que précédemment, Jan Dibbets signifie qu’il est loin de l’avoir épuisé. Il réaffirme ce qui rend son œuvre si précieuse : une résistance à l’océan visuel qui nous entoure, un exercice critique de la vision, une concentration sur l’essentiel.[2]
Marie-Cécile Burnichon
mai 2010 (Art Press) | 9 nov. 2012 (mise en ligne exclusive)
[1] 9 mai 2010 dans l'article original.[↑]
Reportage photographique
(cliquez sur les vignettes pour agrandir les images)
Commissariat
Erik Verhagen (bio)
François Michaud (audio)
Documentation
Hommage à Arago (1994)
Comme à l'époque, la mer égalise tout (2009)
Gilles Tiberghien, Expanded Land Art (2012)
Revue de presse
Ci-dessous figurent la liste, a priori exhaustive, des articles parus en français jusqu'en octobre 2010. Au delà de cette date, aucun texte ne semble avoir été publié. Réalisée plus de deux ans après l'exposition, cette revue de presse permet de découvrir quelques bons textes, notamment ceux d'Anaïs Lesage et Christophe Domino.
10/2010 - ETC | M. de Verneuil, 33 Variations of Infinite..., n°91, p.64-65
05/2010 - Art Press | M.-C. Burnichon, Jan Dibbets, n°367, p.84-86
02/05/2010 - Paris-art | Anaïs Lesage, Horizons (date incertaine)
26/04/2010 - Ethereal | F. Bousquet, Jan Dibbets : Horizons
13/04/2010 - Acasculpture | Jan Dibbets, sculpteur d'horizon
05/2010 - Art Press | M.-C. Burnichon, Jan Dibbets, n°367, p.84-86
02/05/2010 - Paris-art | Anaïs Lesage, Horizons (date incertaine)
26/04/2010 - Ethereal | F. Bousquet, Jan Dibbets : Horizons
13/04/2010 - Acasculpture | Jan Dibbets, sculpteur d'horizon
02/04/2010 - Le JdA | C. Domino, L'horizon raisonné de Jan Dibbets
28/03/2010 - Symboleum | S. Zarka, Critique anticipée, pourquoi...
17/03/2010 - Décrypt'art | Horizons
14/03/2010 - Lou Camino, Tribute to Jan Dibbets
06/03/2010 - Speciale'z | S. Devabhaktuni, Jan Dibbets: Horizon(tal)
02/03/2010 - Le Figaro | V. Duponchelle, La Terre et le Ciel vus par...
01/03/2010 - La Libre | C. Lorent, La géométrie du paysage
28/03/2010 - Symboleum | S. Zarka, Critique anticipée, pourquoi...
17/03/2010 - Décrypt'art | Horizons
14/03/2010 - Lou Camino, Tribute to Jan Dibbets
06/03/2010 - Speciale'z | S. Devabhaktuni, Jan Dibbets: Horizon(tal)
02/03/2010 - Le Figaro | V. Duponchelle, La Terre et le Ciel vus par...
01/03/2010 - La Libre | C. Lorent, La géométrie du paysage
01/03/2010 - Rue 89 | Louis Meslé, Les horizons de Jan Dibbets au...
01/03/2010 - Lunettes Rouges | Horizons
01/03/2010 - Lunettes Rouges | Horizons
27/02/2010 - Libération | Brigitte Ollier, Jan Dibbets des horizons à l’infini
27/02/2010 - Ooskoor | M. Alcalde, Jan Dibbets au MAMVP versus...
17/02/2010 - CdA | V. Bouruet-Aubertot, L’horizon selon Jan Dibbets
Autres expositions (USA-DE-NL)
25/03-29/05/2011 - Kunstverein Heilbronn
30/01-13/03/2011 - Kunstsammlungen-chemnitz
22/05-12/09/2010 - Gemeentemuseum Den Haag
27/02/2010 - Ooskoor | M. Alcalde, Jan Dibbets au MAMVP versus...
17/02/2010 - CdA | V. Bouruet-Aubertot, L’horizon selon Jan Dibbets
Autres expositions (USA-DE-NL)
25/03-29/05/2011 - Kunstverein Heilbronn
30/01-13/03/2011 - Kunstsammlungen-chemnitz
22/05-12/09/2010 - Gemeentemuseum Den Haag
05/02-13/03/2010 - Gladstone Gallery
Revue de presse (USA-DE-NL)
25/03/2011 - Stimme | C. Ihlefeld, Am Horizont ist nichts gerade (DE)
01/06/2011 - PKG | G. Baumann, Jan Dibbets - Horizons (DE)
19/06/2010 - Trouw | H. de Lange, Dibbets zwoegt op de ultieme... (NL)
05/06/2010 - Sandrasmets | Horizonten Dibbets zijn truc geworden (NL)
01/06/2010 - Quintessence | Jan Dibbets aan de horizon (NL)
08/03/2010 - DaWire | Jan Dibbets at Gladstone Galler (US)
Revue de presse (USA-DE-NL)
25/03/2011 - Stimme | C. Ihlefeld, Am Horizont ist nichts gerade (DE)
01/06/2011 - PKG | G. Baumann, Jan Dibbets - Horizons (DE)
19/06/2010 - Trouw | H. de Lange, Dibbets zwoegt op de ultieme... (NL)
05/06/2010 - Sandrasmets | Horizonten Dibbets zijn truc geworden (NL)
01/06/2010 - Quintessence | Jan Dibbets aan de horizon (NL)
08/03/2010 - DaWire | Jan Dibbets at Gladstone Galler (US)
______________________________________________________
Paris: Jan Dibbets
Musée d’art moderne de la Ville - February 19 - Mai 9, 2010 [1]
Paris: Jan Dibbets
Musée d’art moderne de la Ville - February 19 - Mai 9, 2010 [1]
The Jan Dibbets exhibition Horizons covers more than forty years of production as if it were a horizon line, one of the main themes in his work of 1971-74 and again beginning in 2005. The show’s audacious wager—to reveal this artist’s method and the inexhaustible dimension of his work on the basis of a single ingredient—has been eminently successful.
At the end of the 1960s, in an international art scene characterized by the dematerialization of art and the downgrading of traditional media and visual elements in favor of language and concept, Dibbets reaffirmed the primacy of the retinal as the starting point of his practice, and took up a photographic enterprise situated between figuration and abstraction. Erik Verhagen, the author of a fascinating essay on Dibbets’ body of work and the curator of this unusual exhibition, writes that the artist “strives to subvert photography’s original documentary function and instead make it part of a more artistic project,” one taken to the point of abstraction in a continuation of a certain Dutch artistic tradition (Mondrian and Saenredam). Thus this exhibition should not be seen as a series of snapshots representing a horizon line but as pieces made based on such a line with very different aims. In fact what interests Dibbets about this motif is its compositional dimension as an aid to the organization of the picture space—its geometrization, in fact. It was through the use of this “uncertain weld” between heaven and earth, as Paul Claudel put it, that Mondrian little by little introduced abstraction—“this liquidation of reality”—into his painting. What fascinates Dibbets so much about this line as a motif is its elusiveness, a three-dimensional line that exists only because of the working of vision. For an artist fascinated by perspective and optics, one of the few to deconstruct photography’s representational system (see his Perspective Correction series), it was inevitable that he would come to own this motif.
Thus Horizons is a vast variation on a theme. This is all the more striking in that almost all of Dibbets’ work uses the two same images, one horizon joining sea and sky and another between earth and sky. This precisely describes his Sectio Aurea (1972), the central pillar of this show because of the graphic elements next to the photos that serve as a kind of operating manual for them, informing us about the axes along which these shots were taken and their composition. These drawings and calculations are meant to protect us against illusion and at the same time hold back these images’ iconic content. This construction of the visual was to predominate in Dibbets’s work, culminating, for example, in the series Panorama Dutch Mountains (1971-72), panoramic slides of a sinuous and undulating horizon, and Comets (1973), arrangements of cut and framed photos whose formats and motifs vary according to a mathematical formula. The immense arabesque of these series dialogue perfectly with the innumerable variations and alterations of horizon lines, and the effect is magnified by the museum’s different levels, creating an odd immersion effect. These two suites reveal his talent as a “composer” (the musical dimension is omnipresent in this exhibition) along with his concern with his work’s visual dimension. For Dibbets abstraction is not a refuge from reality but its transformation and recreation. This is in fact what is suggested by the clever title Panorama Dutch Mountains.
In deciding to use the same photos as before when he came back to the horizon motif in 2005, Dibbets is telling us that it is far from exhausted. Above all he is reaffirming that which makes his work so special: a dam against the visual sea surrounding us, a critical exercise of vision, a concentration on the essential.[2]
Marie-Cécile Burnichon
At the end of the 1960s, in an international art scene characterized by the dematerialization of art and the downgrading of traditional media and visual elements in favor of language and concept, Dibbets reaffirmed the primacy of the retinal as the starting point of his practice, and took up a photographic enterprise situated between figuration and abstraction. Erik Verhagen, the author of a fascinating essay on Dibbets’ body of work and the curator of this unusual exhibition, writes that the artist “strives to subvert photography’s original documentary function and instead make it part of a more artistic project,” one taken to the point of abstraction in a continuation of a certain Dutch artistic tradition (Mondrian and Saenredam). Thus this exhibition should not be seen as a series of snapshots representing a horizon line but as pieces made based on such a line with very different aims. In fact what interests Dibbets about this motif is its compositional dimension as an aid to the organization of the picture space—its geometrization, in fact. It was through the use of this “uncertain weld” between heaven and earth, as Paul Claudel put it, that Mondrian little by little introduced abstraction—“this liquidation of reality”—into his painting. What fascinates Dibbets so much about this line as a motif is its elusiveness, a three-dimensional line that exists only because of the working of vision. For an artist fascinated by perspective and optics, one of the few to deconstruct photography’s representational system (see his Perspective Correction series), it was inevitable that he would come to own this motif.
Thus Horizons is a vast variation on a theme. This is all the more striking in that almost all of Dibbets’ work uses the two same images, one horizon joining sea and sky and another between earth and sky. This precisely describes his Sectio Aurea (1972), the central pillar of this show because of the graphic elements next to the photos that serve as a kind of operating manual for them, informing us about the axes along which these shots were taken and their composition. These drawings and calculations are meant to protect us against illusion and at the same time hold back these images’ iconic content. This construction of the visual was to predominate in Dibbets’s work, culminating, for example, in the series Panorama Dutch Mountains (1971-72), panoramic slides of a sinuous and undulating horizon, and Comets (1973), arrangements of cut and framed photos whose formats and motifs vary according to a mathematical formula. The immense arabesque of these series dialogue perfectly with the innumerable variations and alterations of horizon lines, and the effect is magnified by the museum’s different levels, creating an odd immersion effect. These two suites reveal his talent as a “composer” (the musical dimension is omnipresent in this exhibition) along with his concern with his work’s visual dimension. For Dibbets abstraction is not a refuge from reality but its transformation and recreation. This is in fact what is suggested by the clever title Panorama Dutch Mountains.
In deciding to use the same photos as before when he came back to the horizon motif in 2005, Dibbets is telling us that it is far from exhausted. Above all he is reaffirming that which makes his work so special: a dam against the visual sea surrounding us, a critical exercise of vision, a concentration on the essential.[2]
Marie-Cécile Burnichon
Translation, L-S Torgoff
May 2010 (Art Press) | Nov. 9, 2012 (exclusive e-publishing) [↑ Back to French]
[1] May 9, 2010 in the original article.[↑]
[2] Thank you very much to Marie-Cécile Burnichon for contributing to OBSART's archives, as well as Evence Verdier for her permission to republish this article. For copyright reasons, Reconstruction Sea 0°-135° (chosen for illustrating the original article) is here represented by another photograph. One point especially the distortion of this image, taken from life with a amateur digital camera, which was deliberately left like that—without editing or any correction—because the metamorphosis seemed to put its shoulder on the wheel.
May 2010 (Art Press) | Nov. 9, 2012 (exclusive e-publishing) [↑ Back to French]
[1] May 9, 2010 in the original article.[↑]
Photo coverage (Click thumbnails for larger image)
Curated by
Erik Verhagen (bio)
François Michaud (audio)
Documentation
Hommage à Arago (1994)
Like before, the sea levels everything (2009)
Gilles Tiberghien, Expanded Land Art (2012)
Press review
Hereinbelow is an exhaustive a priori list of articles, published in English until October 2010. These are three in number. It's a little hard to believe when one considers the importance of Jan Dibbets in the art history, generally speaking, and in the emergence of Land Art in particular ; but that's the way it is.
10/2010 - ETC | M. de Verneuil, 33 Variations of Infinite..., n°91, p.64-65
05/2010 - Art Press | M.-C. Burnichon, Jan Dibbets, n°367, p.84-86
05/2010 - Art Press | M.-C. Burnichon, Jan Dibbets, n°367, p.84-86
06/03/2010 - Speciale'z | S. Devabhaktuni, Jan Dibbets: Horizon (tal)
Other exhibitions
25/03-29/05/2011 - Kunstverein Heilbronn
30/01-13/03/2011 - Kunstsammlungen-chemnitz
22/05-12/09/2010 - Gemeentemuseum Den Haag
05/02-13/03/2010 - Gladstone Gallery
Other exhibitions
25/03-29/05/2011 - Kunstverein Heilbronn
30/01-13/03/2011 - Kunstsammlungen-chemnitz
22/05-12/09/2010 - Gemeentemuseum Den Haag
05/02-13/03/2010 - Gladstone Gallery
Press review (USA-DE-NL)
25/03/2011 - Stimme | C. Ihlefeld, Am Horizont ist nichts gerade (DE)
01/06/2011 - PKG | G. Baumann, Jan Dibbets - Horizons (DE)
19/06/2010 - Trouw | H. de Lange, Dibbets zwoegt op de ultieme... (NL)
05/06/2010 - Sandrasmets | Horizonten Dibbets zijn truc geworden (NL)
01/06/2010 - Quintessence | Jan Dibbets aan de horizon (NL)
08/03/2010 - DaWire | Jan Dibbets at Gladstone Galler (US)
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